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Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is an abundant nuclear protein that catalyzes the serial transfer of the ADP-ribose moiety of NAD+ to various target proteins.PARP-1 as a multifunctional protein is known to participate in regulation of both DNA repair and transcription.In Kaposis sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection, PARP-1 acts as a negative regulator of lytic replication via poly ADP-ribosylating RTA, leading to the repression of RTA.