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Melatonin, an antioxidant synthesized in the pineal gland,plays multiple roles in various physiological mechanisms.In the central nervous system, melatonin exerts neuroprotective effects in a variety of disorders.To determine the effect of melatonin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated neural stem cells (NSCs), we investigated nitric oxide (NO) production and cytotoxicity using Griess reagent assays and LDH assays,respectively.