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档案的鉴定实质上是对档案保存价值的鉴定。考察国外档案界同行对这一理论研究的发展过程,总结其中带有规律性的经验,对我国档案工作的发展是有意义的。一与档案的保管和利用工作相比,档案的鉴定工作出现比较晚。据世界档案史记载,公元前400年左右就出现了神庙档案馆和王室档案馆,几乎同时产生了档案的整理、利用等项工作。但是直到十四世纪才有档案的鉴定工作。原因很简单,只有档案数量积累到一定程度,才有可能提出档案的鉴定问题。在十四世纪前的漫长岁月里,由于书写材料的原因,档案很少。十四世纪以后,中国的造纸术传到西方以及印刷术的发明,为文件的产生提供了条件,文件数量激增,促使了档案鉴定工作的出现。
File identification is essentially the preservation of the value of the file identification. It is significant for the development of archives in our country to study the development process of this theoretical study by foreign archives counterparts and summarize the regular experience therein. A file with the custody and utilization compared to the appraisal of the file appeared later. According to the records of the world archives, the temple archives and the royal archives appeared around 400 BC, and at the same time the archives were organized and utilized. However, it was not until the fourteenth century that the identification of archives was done. The reason is very simple, only the number of files accumulated to a certain extent, it is possible to file identification problems. In the long years before the fourteenth century, due to the writing of materials, there were few records. After the fourteenth century, the invention of Chinese papermaking spread to the West and printing provided the conditions for the production of the documents. The surge in the number of documents prompted the emergence of the documentary identification work.