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以天津市静海县轻中度盐碱地上的9种灌木为试材,对年均株高、茎粗、叶幕厚度和冠幅等进行了研究,比较了常见灌木和小乔木的耐盐性。结果表明:9种灌木中,忍冬的年均株高最高,为1.43m,其次是红宝石海棠,为1.15m;西府海棠、丁香、金银木、美人梅年平均株高最低,为0.39~0.58m;红宝石海棠的年均茎粗增长量最高,为2.61cm,榆叶梅最低,为0.49cm;西府海棠的叶幕厚度最高,为3.28m,丁香、忍冬、金银木、榆叶梅叶幕厚度最低,为1.23~1.61m;红宝石海棠、紫叶李、紫叶矮樱、美人梅的冠幅最高,为2.04~2.33m,丁香、榆叶梅的冠幅最低,为1.12~1.42m。9种灌木的叶幕厚度、冠幅和年均茎粗增长量的变化呈一定程度的正相关(相关系数0.53~0.67),但与株高无关;根据各指标的隶属函数综合分析认为,盐碱地上9种植物的生长表现依次为红宝石海棠>紫叶矮樱和紫叶李>忍冬、西府海棠和美人梅>金银木和丁香>榆叶梅。
Nine shrubs in light and moderate saline-alkali soil in Jinghai County of Tianjin were used as materials to study the average annual plant height, stem diameter, leaf thickness and crown width. The salt tolerance of common shrubs and small trees were compared. The results showed that the average annual plant height of honeysuckle was the highest among all nine shrubs, 1.43m, followed by R. begonia at 1.15m. The average plant height of Begoniaceae, Clove, Jinyinmu and Meimanye was the lowest, ranging from 0.39 to 0.58 m. The annual growth of stems and tubers of Begonia rubra was the highest, which was 2.61cm and the lowest was 0.49cm. The leaf thickness of Begonia was the highest, which was 3.28m. The leaf thickness of clove, honeysuckle and elm leaf was the lowest, 1.23 ~ 1.61m; ruby begonias, purple leaf plum, purple leaf dwarf cherry, plum, the highest crown, 2.04 ~ 2.33m, cloves, prunus mume crown lowest, 1.12 ~ 1.42m. There was a positive correlation between leaf thickness, crown length and annual increment of stems and stems among 9 shrubs (correlation coefficient: 0.53-0.67), but had no relation with plant height. According to the comprehensive analysis of membership function of each index, The growth of nine plants showed the order of ruby begonia> purple-leaf dwarf cherry and purple-leaf plum> honeysuckle, crabapple and plum> honeysuckle and lilac> elm plum.