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目的探讨慢性咳嗽患儿呼吸道高反应的危险因素,为儿童慢性咳嗽的诊治提供依据。方法选择2008年9月-2009年10月就诊于本院呼吸科门诊的慢性咳嗽患儿141例。男68例,女73例;年龄(6.56±1.89)岁。予问卷调查及采用Astograph法测定其呼吸道高反应性,对有关变量进行单因素分析,再将单因素分析有意义的变量进一步行Logistic逐步回归分析,应用STATA7.0统计软件进行统计学分析。结果慢性咳嗽呼吸道反应性测定结果:呼吸道高反应106例,呼吸道反应正常35例。单因素分析有统计学意义的因素:直系亲属哮喘史、特应性皮炎史和被动吸烟。Logistic逐步回归分析显示,慢性咳嗽呼吸道高反应的独立危险因素有直系亲属哮喘史(OR=4.91;95%CI:1.326～18.192)和特应性皮炎史(OR=0.26,95%CI:0.116～0.623)。结论直系亲属有哮喘史和患儿有特应性皮炎史是儿童慢性咳嗽呼吸道高反应的独立危险因素。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of respiratory tract hyperresponsiveness in children with chronic cough and to provide evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic cough in children. Methods Seventy-one patients with chronic cough who visited our Department of Respiratory Clinic from September 2008 to October 2009 were enrolled. Male 68 cases, female 73 cases; age (6.56 ± 1.89) years old. The questionnaire survey and astograph method were used to determine the respiratory reactivity. The univariate analysis was used to analyze the variables. Logistic stepwise regression analysis was used to analyze the variables with significance of univariate analysis. Statistical analysis was carried out by using STATA7.0 statistical software. The results of chronic cough respiratory reactivity determination results: 106 cases of respiratory tract hyperresponsiveness, respiratory reaction was normal in 35 cases. Univariate analysis was statistically significant factors: the immediate family history of asthma, history of atopic dermatitis and passive smoking. Logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors of respiratory tract hyperresponsiveness in chronic cough were history of orthosteric family history (OR = 4.91; 95% CI: 1.326-18.192) and history of atopic dermatitis (OR = 0.26,95% CI: 0.116 ~ 0.623). Conclusion The history of asthma in immediate family members and the history of atopic dermatitis in children are independent risk factors of respiratory tract hyperresponsiveness to chronic cough.