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Background: Recent reports indicate that DNA methylation is regulated in part by the ERK pathway,and that ERK pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Our previous study has confirmed that mitochondrial transcription factor A (mtTFA)aberrant methylation participated in pulmonary vascular endothelial cells apoptosis in COPD.The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of ERK in pulmonary vascular endothelial cell apoptosis induced by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and underlying mechanisms.