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Background and Significance Chlamydia trachomatis infection is an important cause of tubal factor infertility in women.However,it is not clear how the intracellular chlamydial organisms overcome mucosal immune effectors such as antimicrobial peptides when exposed to extracellular milieu during spreading from the initial lower to upper genital tract where tubal pathology is induced.Here we report that C.trachomatis has evolved a proteolytic strategy for evading antimicrobial peptides,which may aid in the spreading.