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【摘要】：近年来，生态研究报告的语言多数是英语或汉语， 经合格的翻译，才能把研究结果转化成有效的科普材料。而科学术语翻译一直是翻译界最具挑战之一的工作。动植物的中文学名从拉丁语转写和翻译而来，再基语境和中文构词特征重新被命名或翻译。由于缺乏对不同语言特征的分析，译者缺乏英语和专业水准，误译屡见不鲜。
【关键词】：术语翻译；功能翻译理论；多语翻译；植物学
Science and Development
In the science-driven modern society， translation became an important bridge to transfer updated science and technologies amongst the different language. It is a way to develop one area or nation through building people’ scientific awareness and skill.
Theories in terminology translation：
Functionalist approaches include Hans J. Vermeer’s Skpostheorie， intentional interaction that focuses on purposeful translation between source-text and target language. These methods were used in translation of technology and science text. Plant species names were mostly originated from the Latin； their lexical formation is based on the plant’s function， size， colors and division of family and category. For instance， plant Canna （an indigenous American plant） is translate into Chinese as “美人蕉”， “蕉” carries the core meaning of the plant as Canna belongs to banana family，yet “美人”is added in accordance with its shape to make the translation more lively. This method is due to rhetoric characteristics of Chinese language. Therefore， the Chinese readers could understand the meaning， as Canna is a banana type plant with a beautiful shape by the core word “蕉”. This has functionally translated the core meaning.
However， in the original word Canna， there is no such suffix as “ 美人”， which would destruct to translate the word into another language of different grammatical principles by only referring to the Chinese translation.
The translator is ostensibly the expert in translational action and should be responsible both for carrying out the commissioned task and for ensuring the result of the translation process， even when aspects like formatting and layout are assigned to other agents. （Cf. Vermeer 1989b： 174） Therefore， when such plant terminologies translated into other languages directly， there is a risk to destruct the original meaning as the language would sense “美人”is more important in meaning than “蕉”. As every language has its own grammatical rules， like the Latin， the core part of a word tells its function， for suffix， it prefers to put its color， size or the habitat characteristics rather than rhetoric. It is more sensible to its targeted reader.
Some translation mistakes：
There are many such mistakes， in a third language； such as Canna is directly translated from Chinese as “beautiful tree” that rendered the readers to understand “Canna” is tree belongs to Banana family. Another example could be Tulip， originated from Latin or Persian language with a translation mistake. It is translated into Chinese as郁金香，based upon its shape and function in Chinese context.
Above all， to translate such terminologies， a translator has to refer both to the source language and target language before translating them into other languages. Direct translation is very dangerous. This is also the major task of a trilingual translator in transferring science into a comprehensive public knowledge.
參考文獻：
[1]Language， culture and translating， Eugene A. Nida [M] Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press， 1993
[2]《十万个为什么》科学知识-儿童读物，藏汉翻译版，朱兰 [M] 2001
作者简介：巴桑拉毛， 女，藏族， 籍贯：青海玉树， 单位：西南民族大学藏学院，研究方向：少数民族语言文学翻译方向。
基金项目：本文系西南民族大学研究生 “创新型科研项目”项目编号：（CX2016SP225）。
【关键词】：术语翻译；功能翻译理论；多语翻译；植物学
Science and Development
In the science-driven modern society， translation became an important bridge to transfer updated science and technologies amongst the different language. It is a way to develop one area or nation through building people’ scientific awareness and skill.
Theories in terminology translation：
Functionalist approaches include Hans J. Vermeer’s Skpostheorie， intentional interaction that focuses on purposeful translation between source-text and target language. These methods were used in translation of technology and science text. Plant species names were mostly originated from the Latin； their lexical formation is based on the plant’s function， size， colors and division of family and category. For instance， plant Canna （an indigenous American plant） is translate into Chinese as “美人蕉”， “蕉” carries the core meaning of the plant as Canna belongs to banana family，yet “美人”is added in accordance with its shape to make the translation more lively. This method is due to rhetoric characteristics of Chinese language. Therefore， the Chinese readers could understand the meaning， as Canna is a banana type plant with a beautiful shape by the core word “蕉”. This has functionally translated the core meaning.
However， in the original word Canna， there is no such suffix as “ 美人”， which would destruct to translate the word into another language of different grammatical principles by only referring to the Chinese translation.
The translator is ostensibly the expert in translational action and should be responsible both for carrying out the commissioned task and for ensuring the result of the translation process， even when aspects like formatting and layout are assigned to other agents. （Cf. Vermeer 1989b： 174） Therefore， when such plant terminologies translated into other languages directly， there is a risk to destruct the original meaning as the language would sense “美人”is more important in meaning than “蕉”. As every language has its own grammatical rules， like the Latin， the core part of a word tells its function， for suffix， it prefers to put its color， size or the habitat characteristics rather than rhetoric. It is more sensible to its targeted reader.
Some translation mistakes：
There are many such mistakes， in a third language； such as Canna is directly translated from Chinese as “beautiful tree” that rendered the readers to understand “Canna” is tree belongs to Banana family. Another example could be Tulip， originated from Latin or Persian language with a translation mistake. It is translated into Chinese as郁金香，based upon its shape and function in Chinese context.
Above all， to translate such terminologies， a translator has to refer both to the source language and target language before translating them into other languages. Direct translation is very dangerous. This is also the major task of a trilingual translator in transferring science into a comprehensive public knowledge.
參考文獻：
[1]Language， culture and translating， Eugene A. Nida [M] Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press， 1993
[2]《十万个为什么》科学知识-儿童读物，藏汉翻译版，朱兰 [M] 2001
作者简介：巴桑拉毛， 女，藏族， 籍贯：青海玉树， 单位：西南民族大学藏学院，研究方向：少数民族语言文学翻译方向。
基金项目：本文系西南民族大学研究生 “创新型科研项目”项目编号：（CX2016SP225）。