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[目的]探讨与儿童哮喘及过敏性疾病有关的室内环境因素。[方法]采用1︰1配对的病例对照研究方法,问卷调查152例儿童哮喘、过敏性紫癜、变应性鼻炎、湿疹的患者以及与152例非病例儿童室内环境因素,采用单因素和多因素条件Logistic回归模型进行数据分析。[结果]单因素条件及多因素条件Logistic回归分析结果均显示,病例组有住房装修史、室内油烟污染、厨房无排烟设备的频率高于对照组,并且在两组之间差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01),OR值分别为3.05,7.04,2.03。对照组床褥经常晾晒的比例高于病例组,且差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05,OR值为0.46)。[结论]住房装修、室内油烟污染及厨房无排烟设备可能会增加患儿童哮喘及过敏性疾病的危险性,床褥经常晾晒可降低儿童哮喘及过敏性疾病的发生。
[Objective] To investigate the indoor environmental factors related to childhood asthma and allergic diseases. [Methods] A case-control study with 1: 1 matching was used to investigate the environmental factors of 152 children with asthma, Henoch-Schonlein purpura, allergic rhinitis and eczema, and 152 cases with non-case children. Single and multifactorial factors Conditional Logistic regression model for data analysis. [Results] The results of univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the case group had a history of housing decoration, indoor fumes pollution, no smoke-free equipment in the kitchen frequency higher than the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant Significance (P <0.01), OR values were 3.05,7.04,2.03. In the control group, the frequency of frequent drying of mattresses was higher than that of the case group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05, OR = 0.46). [Conclusion] House decoration, indoor fume pollution and no-smoke equipment in the kitchen may increase the risk of asthma and allergic diseases in children. Regular drying of mattresses can reduce the incidence of asthma and allergic diseases in children.