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新疆土屋-延东斑岩铜矿田是近年来在我国发现的超大型铜矿之一。作为超大型铜矿,进一步认识其成矿地质背景、成矿地质特征及成矿规律为该区寻找和研究该类型矿床具有一定的指导意义。在阐述该矿田区域地质特征,并探讨和分析成矿地质信息、物化探信息和遥感信息等多元成矿信息的基础上,结合分析结果和野外地质调查依据,提出该研究区区域成矿特征的几点认识:(1)土屋-延东斑岩铜矿田经历过拉张、汇聚、碰撞-固结、陆内堆积和弛张作用等形成过程,其成矿主要与汇聚阶段的俯冲-碰撞作用有关;(2)大型基底构造(区域性深大断裂)及其衍生的线型次级构造或火山机构有重要的控制作用;(3)与矿田在时间和空间上有成因联系的区域型地质建造(早石炭世的陆源碎屑建造和晚石炭世的复理石及基-中-酸性火山岩建造)以及大规模的花岗岩链派生的浅成侵入岩对成矿有利;(4)具有表示区域性地质特征(区域性深大断裂、板块边缘岛弧等)的重力梯度带,重、磁场等值线形态的扭曲或线性的重、磁异常带反映与成矿有关的岩浆活动,是找矿远景区;(5)大规模高背景区域地球化学异常区的存在(以Cu为主、伴有Ag、Au、Mo、Cr、Ni、Co、Zn、W、Pb元素组合的高背景和异常区)提供成矿物质背景信息;(6)遥感信息能够一定程度上反映古火山机构、浅隐伏侵入岩体及区域构造格局等控矿因素特征。基于多元信息分析的成矿特征认识对该区进一步寻找和研究该类型矿床有参考价值和理论意义。
The Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper ore field in Xinjiang is one of the super-large copper deposits discovered in our country in recent years. As a super-large copper mine, it is of guiding significance to further understand its metallogenic geological background, metallogenic geological characteristics and metallogenic regularities for the purpose of finding and studying this type of deposit in this area. On the basis of expatiating the regional geological characteristics of the ore field and discussing and analyzing multiple ore-forming information such as ore-forming geological information, geophysical and geochemical information and remote sensing information, combining with the analysis results and the basis of field geological survey, the regional mineralization characteristics of the study area (1) The Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper ore field has undergone the processes of extension, convergence, collision-consolidation, intracontinental accumulation and relaxation, and its metallogenesis is mainly related to the subduction- (2) Large basement structures (regional deep faults) and their derived linear secondary structures or volcanic structures have important control roles; (3) They have a causal relationship with the orefields in time and space Regional geological construction (terrestrial detrital formation of Early Carboniferous and Late Carboniferous flysch and basal-intermediate-acidic volcanic rock formation), and large-scale granite-derived epithermal intrusions are favorable for metallogenesis; (4) Gravitational gradient bands, heavy and magnetic contour contours that show regional geological features (regional deep faults, plate marginal island arcs, etc.) are distorted or linearly weighted. Magnetic anomaly bands reflect magmatic activity associated with metallogenesis, Is looking prospecting area; (5) large format The presence of anomalous geochemical anomalies in the background of the high background area (high background and anomalous regions dominated by Cu with a combination of Ag, Au, Mo, Cr, Ni, Co, Zn, W and Pb) provides background information ; (6) Remote sensing information can reflect the characteristics of ore-controlling factors such as Paleo volcanic institutions, shallow intrusive rocks and regional tectonic structures to a certain extent. The understanding of metallogenic characteristics based on multivariate information analysis has reference value and theoretical significance for further searching for and studying this type of deposit in this area.