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近年来,随着原子能事业的发展,放射性同位素和核射线在医学上的应用越来越广泛,已形成一个专门的学科,叫做“原子医学”或“核医学”。什么叫放射性同位素呢?大家知道,世界上所有的物质都是由原子构成的,原子是由一个原子核和围绕着原子核的几层电子而组成。整个原子的结构,就像一个小小的太阳系。每个原子核内又有质子和中子,而每个元素又有它自己一定数目的质子数和中子数。依照各元素质子数目的多少,可以排列成一个元素周期表。在这个表上,每个元素都占有一个固定的
In recent years, with the development of atomic energy, radioactive isotopes and nuclear radiation have become more widely used in medicine, and a specialized discipline has been formed, which is called “atomic medicine” or “nuclear medicine.” What is radioactive isotope? As we all know, all the world’s substances are made up of atoms. The atom consists of a nucleus and several layers of electrons surrounding the nucleus. The structure of the entire atom is like a small solar system. Each atomic nucleus has protons and neutrons, and each element has its own number of protons and neutrons. According to the number of protons of each element, they can be arranged into a periodic table of elements. On this table, each element occupies a fixed