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幼年型和成年型糖尿病的发病和病因不同。幼年型糖尿病一般在较小年龄群发生,起病急,有季节性。发病初期可观察到胰岛有炎症细胞浸润,产生胰岛素的β—细胞数量减少,尤其在有某些HLA类型者,幼年型糖尿病的危险性比成年型更大。疾病早期患儿血循环中有抗胰岛细胞抗体,但成年型糖尿病不存在上述现象。从发病特征、胰岛炎症及β—细胞破坏等现象分析,提出病毒是诱发幼年型糖尿病的一种病因这一假设。有人提出柯萨奇病毒B_4型与幼年型糖尿病之间具有血清学关系,但未证实。可是从动物实验可得到病毒诱发幼年型糖尿病的最好证明。此外,脑心肌炎病毒M变异株、呼肠病毒3型和柯萨奇病毒B_4型均能感染小白
The incidence and causes of juvenile and adult diabetes are different. Juvenile diabetes generally occur in younger age groups, acute onset, seasonal. Early onset can be observed islet inflammatory cell infiltration, insulin-producing cells to reduce the number of β, especially in some HLA types, juvenile diabetes risk than adult type greater. Early childhood disease in children with anti-islet cell antibodies in blood circulation, but there is no such phenomenon in adult diabetes. From the incidence characteristics, islet inflammation and β-cell destruction and other phenomena, the virus was proposed to induce childhood diabetes is a cause of this hypothesis. It has been suggested that there is a serological relationship between Coxsackievirus B_4 and juvenile diabetes but not confirmed. However, the best evidence of virus-induced juvenile diabetes can be obtained from animal experiments. In addition, encephalomyocarditis virus M mutant, reovirus type 3 and coxsackievirus B_4 type can infect white