论文部分内容阅读
报告支气管类癌6例。该病虽属低度恶性,但可发生淋巴结转移和术后复发。男女发病数相似;多见于成年人,年龄早于肺癌;主要症状为咳嗽、咯血、发热及胸痛。影像学及纤维支气管镜检查对诊断具有重要价值,但痰细胞学检查阳性率极低。光镜常可诊断,但嗜银染色及电镜确定特征性嗜银性神经内分泌颗粒才是确诊的唯一可靠标志。治疗应以保守性外科手术切除为主;切除受累支气管、解除气道梗阻,尽量保留肺功能为手术原则;肺叶切除及袖状切除为主要术式,应尽量避免施行全肺切除。手术切除后预后良好,对伴有淋巴结转移者行淋巴结清除后仍可长期生存。远期疗效明显优于肺癌。
Report 6 cases of bronchial carcinoid. Although the disease is of low grade, lymph node metastasis and postoperative recurrence may occur. The incidence of men and women is similar; more common in adults, older than lung cancer; the main symptoms are cough, hemoptysis, fever and chest pain. Imaging and fiberoptic bronchoscopy are important diagnostics, but the positive rate of sputum cytology is extremely low. Light microscope can often be diagnosed, but silver staining and electron microscopy to identify the characteristic argyrophilic neuroendocrine particles is the only reliable indicator of diagnosis. Treatment should be based on conservative surgical resection; resection of the affected bronchus, lifting of airway obstruction, as far as possible to retain the lung function as the principle of surgery; lobectomy and sleeve-like resection as the main method, should try to avoid the implementation of pneumonectomy. The prognosis is good after surgical resection, and long-term survival can still be achieved after the removal of lymph nodes in patients with lymph node metastasis. Long-term efficacy is significantly better than lung cancer.