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为研究覆膜栽培技术对山东黄芩质量和土壤环境的影响,为黄芩的规范化栽培和质量提高提供理论依据,2013年对黄芩的生物学特性进行田间统计,利用土壤参数快速测定仪测定土壤理化性质,HPLC测定黄芩中黄芩苷的含量。结果表明,覆盖地膜能使黄芩在整个生育期内对铵态氮的吸收比露地栽培增加26.84%(0~10cm)和9.00%(10~20cm);有机质分别增加了14.0%(0~10cm)和6.7%(10~20cm)。覆膜处理提高了土壤对速效钾和速效磷的供肥能力,覆膜处理0~10cm和10~20cm土层中速效钾的含量分别比露地处理增加了68.94%和13.60%;速效磷分别增加了40.92%和28.68%;覆盖地膜能够提高黄芩中黄芩苷的含量,较露地栽培提高了17.80%。覆膜栽培技术能够促进黄芩对铵态氮的吸收,增加土壤有机质含量,提高黄芩的产量和有效成分含量,并具有较好的保温保肥作用,对指导传统种植区域的生产具有重要意义。
In order to study the effects of film-mulching cultivation on the quality of Scutellaria baicalensis and soil environment in Shandong Province, and to provide a theoretical basis for the standardization cultivation and quality improvement of Scutellaria baicalensis, the biological characteristics of Scutellaria baicalensis were field-calculated in 2013 and the physicochemical properties of soil were determined by soil parameter rapid determination Determination of baicalin in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi by HPLC. The results showed that the coverage of plastic film could increase the absorption of ammonium nitrogen by 26.84% (0 ~ 10cm) and 9.00% (10 ~ 20cm) and the organic matter by 14.0% (0 ~ 10cm) And 6.7% (10 ~ 20cm). The content of available potassium in the 0-10cm and 10-20cm soil layers increased by 68.94% and 13.60%, respectively, compared with the open treatment. The available phosphorus increased 40.92% and 28.68% respectively. Covering the mulching film can increase the content of baicalin in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, which is 17.80% higher than that in open field. Film-mulching cultivation can promote the absorption of ammonium nitrogen by Scutellaria baicalensis, increase the content of soil organic matter, increase the yield and active ingredient content of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, and has good effect of keeping warm and keeping fertilizer, which is of great significance to guide the production of traditional planting areas.