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①目的研究颈椎后部结构对颈椎稳定所起的作用，为临床确定手术入路、病变切除范围及术后是否考虑重建稳定提供参考依据。②方法实验选用福尔马林固定尸体标本１０具，去除骨骼肌，保留骨性结构、椎间盘及韧带结构。依次破坏棘上、棘间韧带，黄韧带，椎板，椎间关节，前、后纵韧带。持续加载４ｋｇ行颈椎标本最大屈、伸实验，拍摄中立位及前屈、后伸位Ｘ线片。③结果椎板结构对椎板角度位移稳定起较大作用，而椎间关节对颈椎的水平稳定及旋转稳定起较大作用。前、后纵韧带分别在伸、屈位时起重要的稳定作用，破坏后均出现在最大屈、伸位时的椎体间断裂。④结论颈椎后部结构在颈椎稳定中起重要作用。
Objective To study the effect of posterior cervical spine structure on the stability of cervical vertebra, and provide a reference for clinically determining the surgical approach, the extent of resection and whether to consider the reconstruction after surgery. Methods 10 formalin-fixed cadaver specimens were selected to remove skeletal muscle and retain the bony structure, intervertebral disc and ligament structure. In turn destroy the spine, interspinous ligament, ligamentum flavum, lamina, intervertebral joint, anterior and posterior longitudinal ligament. Continuous loading 4kg cervical specimens maximum flexion and extension test, shooting neutral position and flexion, extension position X-ray. ③ Results The lamina structure played a significant role in stabilizing the displacement of lamina, while the intervertebral joint played a significant role in stabilizing the cervical spine and stabilizing the rotation. Anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments, respectively, in the extension, flexion played an important stabilizing role, after the collapse are in the maximum flexion, extension position of the interbody fracture. ④ Conclusion posterior cervical structure plays an important role in the stability of the cervical spine.