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骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)有来源广泛、易于分离培养、不易引起免疫排斥等特点,使其成为细胞治疗和基因治疗的种子细胞,具有广泛的科研和临床应用价值。骨髓MSCs具有多向分化潜能,在特定条件下能诱导分化成神经元甚至是更为特异的多巴胺能神经元,为帕金森病进行细胞移植疗法提供了理想的细胞来源。本文就近年来体外诱导MSCs向多巴胺能神经元定向分化所涉及到的常用诱导因素和诱导方法及途径予以综述。
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a wide range of sources of scientific research and clinical application due to their wide range of sources, their ease of isolation and culture, and low immunity to immune rejection, making them the seed cells for cell therapy and gene therapy. Bone marrow MSCs have multilineage differentiation potential and can induce differentiation into neurons or even more specific dopaminergic neurons under certain conditions, which provides an ideal source of cells for cell transplantation therapy of Parkinson’s disease. This review summarizes the commonly used inducing factors and inducing methods and approaches involved in the directional differentiation of MSCs into dopaminergic neurons in vitro in recent years.