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目的:研究繁缕中的黄酮类化合物。方法:95%的乙醇提取物的水混悬液依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取,各种柱层析进行分离纯化,UV,NMR等波谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果:从中分离得到14个黄酮碳苷类化合物,其结构鉴定为:芹菜素(apigenin)(1),芹菜素-6,8-二-C-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(2),即新西兰牡荆苷-2[vicenin-Ⅱ(6,8-二-C-β-D-glucopyranosylapigenin)],芹菜素-6-C-β-D-葡萄糖-8-C-β-D-半乳糖苷(8-C-β-D-galactopyranosylisovitexin(6-C-β-D-glucopyra-nosyl-8-C-β-D-galactopyranosylapigenin)(3),芹菜素-6-C-β-D-半乳糖-8-C-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6-C-β-D-galactopyranosylvitexin6-C-β-D-galactopyranosyl-8-C-β-D-glucopyranosylapigenin)(4),芹菜素-6,8-二-C-α-L-阿拉伯糖苷(6,8-di-C-α-L-arabinopyranosylapi-genin)(5),芹菜素-6-C-β-D-葡萄糖-8-C-α-L-阿拉伯糖苷[schaftoside(6-C-β-D-glucopyranosyl-8-C-α-L-arabinosylapigenin)](6),芹菜素-6-C-α-L-阿拉伯糖-8-C-β-D-葡萄糖苷[isoschaftoside(6-C-α-L-arabinosyl-8-C-β-D-glucopyranosylapigenin)](7),芹菜素-6-C-β-D-半乳糖-8-C-α-L-阿拉伯糖苷(6-C-β-D-galactopyranosyl-8-C-α-L-arabinosylapigenin)(8),芹菜素-8-C-β-D-半乳糖(8-C-β-D-galactosylapigenin)(9),牡荆素[vitexin(8-C-β-D-glucopyranosylapigenin)](10),异牡荆素[isovitexin(6-C-β-D-glucopyra-nosylapigenin)](11),麦黄酮-6,8-二-C-β-D葡萄糖苷(tricetin6,8-di-C-β-D-glucopyranoside)(12),麦黄酮-6-C-α-L-阿拉伯糖-8-C-β-D-葡萄糖苷[tricetin6-C-α-L-arabinosyl-8-C-β-D-galactopyranoside](13),7-O-β-D-葡萄糖基-6-C-β-D-葡萄糖(6″-乙酰基)芹菜素[7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-6-C-β-D-6″-acetyl-glucopyranosylapigenin](14)。结论:9个化合物(3～8及12、13)为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物14为新化合物。
Objective: To study the flavonoids in Radix Astragali. Methods: The aqueous suspension of 95% ethanol extract was successively extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The chromatographic data were isolated and purified by various column chromatography and identified by UV, NMR and other spectral data. RESULTS: Fourteen flavonoid glycosides were isolated from this compound and their structures were identified as: apigenin (1), apigenin-6,8-di-C-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), That is, New Zealand vitexin-2 [6,8-di-C-β-D-glucopyranosylapigenin], apigenin-6-C-β-D-glucose-8-C-β-D-half L-lactoside (8-C-β-D-glucopyra-nosyl-8-C-β-D-galactopyranosylapigenin) (3), apigenin-6-C-β-D- Galactose-8-C-β-D-glucoside (6-C-β-D-galactopyranosylvitexin6-C-β-D-galactopyranosyl-8-C-β-D-glucopyranosylapigenin) (4), apigenin-6 ,8-di-C-α-L-arabinoside (6,8-di-C-α-L-arabinopyranosylapi-genin) (5), apigenin-6-C-β-D-glucose-8-C -α-L-arabinoside (6-C-β-D-glucopyranosyl-8-C-α-L-arabinosylapigenin) (6), apigenin-6-C-α-L-arabinose-8 -C-β-D-glucoside [isochaftoside (6-C-α-L-arabinosyl-8-C-β-D-glucopyranosylapigenin)] (7), apigenin-6-C-β-D-galactose -8-C-α-L-arabinoside (6-C-β-D-galactopyranosyl-8-C-α-L-arabinosylapigenin) (8), Apigenin-8-C-β-D-galactose ( 8-C-β-Dg Alactosylapigenin (9), vitexin [8-C-β-D-glucopyranosylapigenin] (10) ,Flavin-6,8-di-C-β-D-glucopyranoside (12), flavonoid-6-C-α-L-arabinose- 8-C-β-D-glucoside [tricetin6-C-α-L-arabinosyl-8-C-β-D-galactopyranoside] (13), 7-O-β-D-glucosyl-6-C- [beta]-D-glucose (6“-acetyl) apigenin [7-O-[beta]-D-glucopyranosyl-6-C-[beta]-D-6”-acetyl-glucopyranosylapigenin] (14). Conclusion: Nine compounds (3-8 and 12, 13) were isolated from this plant for the first time. Compound 14 is a new compound.