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在离子液相沉淀体系中,通过受限自组装生长可控制备草酸镍纳米纤维。在氩气环境中,在纤维微结构诱导下,通过热分解草酸镍纤维制备出镍纳米纤维。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)等技术检测所得样品的性质。结果表明,氨的存在使草酸镍的生长习性从自由自组装模式转变为了受限自组装模式,制备的草酸镍纤维具有单斜晶体结构,直径100~200 nm,长度为1~5μm。热分解制备的镍纤维表面粗糙,具有面心立方晶体结构,直径100~200 nm,长度为1~5μm。在草酸镍纤维形成的细而长空间的诱导作用下,镍原子经过成核、生长和聚合过程,从而形成纤维状纳米镍。
In ionic liquid precipitation systems, nickel oxalate nanoparticles can be controlled by limited self-assembly growth. Nickel nanofibers were prepared by thermal decomposition of nickel oxalate fibers under argon atmosphere induced by fiber microstructure. The properties of the resulting samples were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the presence of ammonia changed the growth habit of nickel oxalate from a free self-assembly mode to a restricted self-assembly mode. The prepared nickel oxalate fiber has a monoclinic structure with a diameter of 100-200 nm and a length of 1-5 μm. The surface of the nickel fiber prepared by thermal decomposition has a rough surface and a face-centered cubic crystal structure with a diameter of 100-200 nm and a length of 1-5 μm. Nickel atoms undergo nucleation, growth and polymerization during the thin and long space of nickel oxalate fiber formation, resulting in the formation of fibrous nanoscale nickel.