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氨茶碱是临床常用的平喘药,在阻塞性肺部疾病的治疗中占重要地位,但安全范围小,体内消除速率个体差异性较大,且平喘效果、毒副反应与血浆茶碱浓度密切相关。浓度达5μg/ml 时,开始发挥治疗作用,较适宜的血药浓度为10～20μg/ml,超过20μg/ml,毒性反应逐渐增多,如不注意茶碱的药物动力学变化,并及时调整剂量,则疗效不好或出现毒性反应。甚至有生命危险。本文就氯茶碱的药物动力学、影响因素及配伍用药时茶碱的剂量调整等作一概述,供临床参考。
Aminophylline is a commonly used clinical antiasthmatic drug in the treatment of obstructive pulmonary disease plays an important role, but the safety margin is small, the rate of individual elimination of large individual differences, and asthma effects, side effects and plasma theophylline Concentration is closely related. Concentration of 5μg / ml, began to play a therapeutic effect, more appropriate plasma concentration of 10 ~ 20μg / ml, more than 20μg / ml, toxicity gradually increased, such as not pay attention to theophylline pharmacokinetic changes, and timely adjustment of dose , The curative effect is not good or there is a toxic reaction. Even life-threatening. In this paper, the pharmacokinetics of chlorophylline, the influencing factors and dose adjustment of theophylline when used as an overview for clinical reference.