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高考是选拔考试,旨在选拔高中毕业合格的学生中那些素质好,潜力大的学生。显然,高考必须注重能力考查,必须能够区分不同水平的考生,让那些基础扎实、能力强的考生得以发挥和表现自己的水平。化学高考测试的能力目标,即中学化学教学大纲规定培养学生能力的教学要求。它们是:“观察能力,实验能力,思维能力和自学能力”。但是,高考是一百多万考生同一时间进行的大规模考试。目前,只能采用闭卷笔试的方式,一张化学试卷几十道试题,在考查化学知识的同时,测量哪些能力?这些能力与考查的知识内容之间有着怎样的关系和规律?它在多大程度上反映了化学高考预期所要达到的目的?所有这些问题,在历年高考结束后,所发表的绝大部分评论文章中,很少给予定量的表述,难以得出科学的论断。为了寻求一个较为
The college entrance examination is a selection examination that aims to select those students who are qualified and have high potential among students who have graduated from high school. Obviously, the college entrance examination must pay attention to the ability to examine, must be able to distinguish between different levels of candidates, so that those who are solid, strong candidates can play and show their own level. The ability goal of the chemical college entrance examination test is that the secondary school chemistry syllabus specifies the teaching requirements for cultivating student ability. They are: “observation ability, experimental ability, thinking ability and self-learning ability”. However, the college entrance examination is a large-scale examination conducted by more than one million candidates at the same time. At present, only closed-book written examinations, dozens of questions on a chemical test paper, what skills can be measured at the same time when examining chemical knowledge, and what are the relationships and laws between these competences and the knowledge content of the examination? This reflects the purpose of the chemical college entrance examination expected to achieve? All these issues, after the end of the college entrance examination over the years, published in most of the review articles, rarely give quantitative expression, it is difficult to draw scientific conclusions. In order to seek a more