论文部分内容阅读
目的分析平顶山市狂犬病流行特征,疫情变化趋势及原因,以探索科学有效防治的措施。方法对平顶山2005~2012年网络直报狂犬病患者的资料进行整理和回顾性分析。结果平顶山8年来累计报告狂犬病58例,死亡58例,2008年发病率最高。2005~2008年发病率呈现逐年上升,2008~2012年发病率呈现逐年下降趋势;叶县、宝丰报告病例最多,叶县累计报告14例,占24.14%(14/58),宝丰累计报告13例,占22.41%(13/58),叶县和宝丰占全市报告病例总数的46.55%(27/58),石龙区无狂犬病病例报告;病例以农村(84.48%,49/58)、男性(63.79%,32/58)、中年人(68.97%,40/58)和散居儿童(13.79%,8/58)为主,男女性别比为2.22∶1(40/18);7~9月为狂犬病高发季节。结论平顶山市居民狂犬病暴露后预防处置率低,是狂犬病高发的主要原因。今后加大农村狂犬病防治知识的宣传力度;提高狂犬病暴露后人群的防治率;加强对犬只的管理。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of rabies, the changing trend of epidemic situation and its causes in Pingdingshan, so as to explore the measures of scientific and effective prevention and treatment. Methods The data of rabies patients in Pingdingshan from 2005 to 2012 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Results Pingdingshan reported a total of 58 cases of rabies over the past eight years, 58 cases of death, the highest incidence in 2008. The incidence rate showed a year by year from 2005 to 2008, and the incidence decreased year by year from 2008 to 2012. The most cases were reported in Ye County and Baofeng County, and 14 cases were reported in Ye County (14.14%) (14/58) 13 cases, accounting for 22.41% (13/58), Ye County and Baofeng accounted for 46.55% (27/58) of the total reported cases in the city, no cases of rabies in Shilong District; cases were rural (84.48%, 49/58) , Male (63.79%, 32/58), middle-aged (68.97%, 40/58) and diaspora (13.79%, 8/58), with a gender ratio of 2.22:1 (40/18); 7 ~ September is the season of rabies. Conclusion The low prevention and treatment rate of rabies in Pingdingshan residents after exposure is the main reason for the high incidence of rabies. In the future, we will intensify the publicity on knowledge on rabies prevention and treatment in rural areas, increase the rate of prevention and treatment of rabies-exposed people, and strengthen the management of dogs.