论文部分内容阅读
目的:探讨面神经隐窝进路手术的显微解剖,为临床开展相关手术提供解剖学基础。方法:8例(16侧)成人尸头颞骨按照面神经隐窝进路行手术解剖,观察和测量面神经隐窝进路入口、面神经、镫骨头、圆窗、圆窗龛、锥隆起、匙突等解剖结构,将数据进行统计学处理。结果:面神经隐窝进路骨性入口内外宽度为(2.94±0.32)mm,上下高度为(8.83±0.84)mm,深度为(3.51±0.17)mm。镫骨头与面神经水平段的距离为(1.38±0.21)mm,与面神经乳突段的距离为(6.94±0.47)mm,与圆窗的距离为(3.60±0.55)mm,与匙突的距离为(2.23±0.33)mm,与锤骨前韧带的距离为(4.93±0.61)mm。锥隆起与面神经水平段的距离为(1.05±0.09)mm,与面神经乳突段的距离为(5.63±0.41)mm,与圆窗的距离为(3.01±0.34)mm,与圆窗龛的距离为(3.29±0.44)mm,与匙突的距离为(4.13±0.51)mm。圆窗与匙突的距离为(5.11±0.61)mm,与面神经水平段的距离为(3.97±0.61)mm。圆窗龛与面神经水平段的距离为(4.13±0.38)mm,与面神经乳突段的距离为(7.28±0.29)mm。结论:面神经隐窝进路在现代耳显微外科手术中有重要地位,砧骨短脚、镫骨、锥隆起、匙突的解剖位置比较恒定,可作为术中的参考标志。
Objective: To explore the microsurgical anatomy of facial nerve approach and provide the anatomical basis for clinical operation. Methods: Eight cases (16 sides) of adult cadaver head temporal bone were surgically dissected according to the facial nerve recess approach. The facial nerve entrance, facial nerve, bony head, round window, round window niche, Anatomy, the data for statistical analysis. Results: The width of medial and lateral bony entrances of facial nerve implants was (2.94 ± 0.32) mm, height of upper and lower sides was (8.83 ± 0.84) mm and depth was (3.51 ± 0.17) mm. The distance between the bones and the facial nerve was (1.38 ± 0.21) mm, the distance from the facial papilla was (6.94 ± 0.47) mm and the distance to the round window was (3.60 ± 0.55) mm, the distance from the spondylosis was (2.23 ± 0.33) mm, and the distance from anterior malleolus was (4.93 ± 0.61) mm. (1.05 ± 0.09) mm, the distance from the facial papillae segment (5.63 ± 0.41) mm, the distance from the circular window to the round window (3.01 ± 0.34) mm, the distance from the round window niche (3.29 ± 0.44) mm, and the distance to the spondylosis was (4.13 ± 0.51) mm. The distance between the round window and the spondylosis was (5.11 ± 0.61) mm, and the distance from the facial nerve was (3.97 ± 0.61) mm. The distance between the circular niche and facial nerve horizontal segment was (4.13 ± 0.38) mm, and the distance from the facial papilla segment was (7.28 ± 0.29) mm. CONCLUSION: The approach of facial nerve recess plays an important role in the modern microsurgery of auricular microsurgery. The anatomical location of short anvil incisors, stapes, conical protuberances and spondylolysis is relatively constant, which can be used as a reference mark in surgery.