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端粒酶是真核生物染色体末端的核蛋白结构,能够指导合成重复的端粒序列TTAGGG,而细胞的复制与端粒长度的维持有关。已有大量关于端粒酶的研究,很多临床前试验已将抑制端粒酶活性作为治疗恶性肿瘤的一个新的治疗方案。本文综述了反义寡核苷酸(ASODN)和小分子干扰RNA(siRNA)作为端粒酶抑制剂的研究进展,并进一步讨论了携载ASODN及siRNA基因载体的应用及其优缺点。
Telomerase is a nuclear protein structure at the end of eukaryotic chromosomes that directs the synthesis of a repetitive telomeric sequence, TTAGGG, while cell replication is associated with telomere length maintenance. There has been a great deal of research on telomerase, and many preclinical trials have put the inhibition of telomerase activity as a new treatment for malignant tumors. This review summarizes the progress of antisense oligonucleotides (ASODNs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) as telomerase inhibitors, and further discusses the applications of ASODN and siRNA vectors and their advantages and disadvantages.