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对噪声进行测量的目的是:评价机器质量、为控制噪声提供依据、评价噪声控制效果、有针对性地找出振源并采取保护措施、监察机器是否正常运转。噪声测量的基本系统见图4-1。被测信号通过接受设备(如声级计)、中间设备(如放大器和滤波器)和读出设备(记录仪等),读出测试结果。如需进一步分析,还可采用信号处理机和频谱分析仪等,测量声源的C 声级、A 声级和倍频程频带声压级;必要时,还可测1/3倍频程频带声压级、声功率级和指向特性等。
The purpose of measuring noise is to evaluate the quality of the machine, provide a basis for noise control, evaluate the effect of noise control, identify the vibration source in a targeted manner and take protective measures to monitor the machine for normal operation. The basic system of noise measurement is shown in Figure 4-1. The signal under test passes through the receiving equipment (such as sound level meter), intermediate equipment (such as amplifiers and filters) and readout equipment (recorder, etc.), read the test results. For further analysis, you can also use the signal processor and spectrum analyzer, etc., to measure the sound source of the C sound level, A sound level and octave band sound pressure level; if necessary, can also measure 1/3 octave band Sound pressure level, sound power level and pointing characteristics.