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染色体的“法外交换”染色体上交叉结的形成与同样染色体的局部互换一般认为是普遍的,有秩序的和正常的染色体的交换。此外还有所谓“法外交换”(名词是苏联学者Серебровский首次提出的)也需要在这里简单扼要地介绍一下。这些变化牵连到染色体本身的结构,从而在遗传方面的影响就不仅仅是因子从原有的结合变为新结合的问题,而是更重要的,甚至导致到物种分化的问题。这类变化作为自发的现象,在自然界被我们所研究的还不太多,但是自从细胞遗传学家开始运用 X 线放射等方法来促进这类变化
The formation of cross-knots on the “extra-legal” chromosome of chromosomes is generally considered to be a universal, ordered and normal exchange of chromosomes with the local exchange of the same chromosomes. In addition, the so-called “extra-legal exchange” (first proposed by the Soviet scholar Серебровский) also needs a brief introduction here. These changes are implicated in the structure of the chromosome itself, so that the genetic effect is not merely the change of the factor from the original combination to the new one, but more importantly, even to the differentiation of the species. Such changes as spontaneous phenomena have not been much studied in nature, but since cytogenetics began to use such methods as X-ray emission to promote such changes