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一、概述测流断面受下游堰闸控制影响时,整编定线通常按受变动回水影响的水位流量关系处理,即大多采用落差指数方法实现单值化。可是在实际的测验工作中,常常遇到如下一些问题:1、设在平原水网地区的沿江节制闸或沿海挡潮闸上游的一些河道水文站,测流断面水流受下游堰闸变动回水影响,通常用落差指数法校正定线推流。但由于这些河道纵坡降一般非常小,在河道上游或下游设立落差水位站测得的落差值一般也很小,而现实又不具备改变上下游落差站的位置,这时用落差指数法校正水位流量关系,往往难以实现单值化。2、当测站上游受暴雨等影响发生较大洪水时,测验断面既受上游洪水波的影响,又受堰闸下游变动回水的顶托作用,这种情况下单纯用落差指数法定线,效果更难满意。有时,一年中只好采用分时段定线或多线配合推流,致使测验工作量加大,且直接影响资料质量。
I. Overview When the current-measuring section is affected by the downstream weir control, the assembly alignment is usually dealt with by the relationship between the water level and flow affected by the change of backwater. That is, the single-value method is mostly adopted by the drop index method. However, in the actual testing work, some problems are often encountered: 1. Some river hydrological stations located along the Yangtze River or along the coast of the tidal flats in the plain water network, the flow in the section of the measuring stream is affected by the change of downstream weir gates Impact, usually using the drop index method to correct alignment push flow. However, since the vertical gradient of these channels is generally very small, the drop values measured at the water level stations at the upstream or downstream of the river channels are generally small. However, the reality does not have the capacity to change the positions of the upstream and downstream drop stations. At this time, Water level relationship, often difficult to achieve single value. 2, when the station upstream due to heavy rain and other floods, the test section is affected by the impact of upstream flood waves, but also by the weir gates downstream backwater backwater top-off effect, this case simply by the fall index of the statutory line, The effect is more difficult to satisfy. Sometimes, in a year had to use sub-line or multi-line with the push flow, resulting in increased test workload, and directly affect the quality of the data.