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目的了解广州市青少年饮食行为2008年与2013年的变化情况,为进一步制定相应营养干预措施提供科学依据。方法对2008年和2013年广州市总计24 689名大中学生的监测数据进行分析,分性别、地区和学习阶段比较2008年与2013年学生的饮食行为。结果经常喝汽水饮料、吃甜点、吃油炸食品和吃路边摊的不健康饮食行为频率均有所下降(2008年和2013年分别为6.8%和4.0%,18.4%和13.0%,9.7%和5.5%,1.2%和0.8%),偏食行为报告率由2008年的29.9%上升至2013年的35.3%,经常吃新鲜水果和蔬菜的频率也有所下降(2008年和2013年为43.2%和36.2%,79.4%和77.8%);该变化趋势在不同性别、地区和学习阶段学生中相似。结论青少年饮食行为干预不仅要强调改善不良饮食行为,也需要强调保持健康饮食行为。
Objective To understand the changes of dietary behaviors among adolescents in Guangzhou in 2008 and 2013, and to provide a scientific basis for further formulating the corresponding nutritional interventions. Methods The monitoring data of a total of 24,689 middle and high school students in Guangzhou in 2008 and 2013 were analyzed. The dietary behaviors of students in 2008 and 2013 were compared by gender, region and learning stage. Results Frequent episodes of unhealthy eating behaviors such as soft drinks, eating desserts, eating fried foods and eating street vendors declined (6.8% and 4.0%, 18.4% and 13.0% and 9.7% respectively in 2008 and 2013 and 5.5%, 1.2% and 0.8% respectively). The reported rate of partial eclipse behavior increased from 29.9% in 2008 to 35.3% in 2013, and the frequency of eating fresh fruits and vegetables frequently also decreased (43.2% and 36.2% in 2008 and 2013 %, 79.4% and 77.8% respectively). This trend of change is similar among students of different genders, regions and study periods. Conclusion Interventions of dietary behavior in adolescents should not only emphasize the improvement of poor dietary behaviors, but also emphasize the maintenance of healthy dietary behaviors.