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目的在研究国内外文献的基础上根据中国国情制定远洋运输业海员安全文化测评量表,并对其信度、效度进行检验,确保科学可行。方法在查询国内外有关海员以及相关海员群体安全文化调查量表文献的基础上,筛选相关条目组成量表,然后通过专家咨询法,形成“海员安全文化”测评量表初稿。经过50人的预调查对量表进行进一步修订,之后使用量表对上海市某远洋运输业公司的400名海员进行正式调查,采用因子分析、信度分析等统计方法对量表的信度与效度进行分析。结果通过正式调查对量表的信度、效度检验最后形成了适用于我国海员群体安全文化测评的34条目量表,在问卷的结构效度方面,通过探索性因子分析得到了安全态度、安全政策、安全知识以及安全管理4个维度,共解释了总方差的66.008%;在问卷的内容效度方面,34个条目的条目内容效度指数(I-CVI)值均≥0.8,平均量表内容效度指数(S-CVI/Ave)的值为0.959;在信度检验中,量表4个维度以及总体的Cronbach’sα系数在0.828~0.969之间,Spearman-Brown系数在0.784~0.902之间。结论量表具有较好的信度、效度和良好的内容一致性,可为以后研究海员群体安全文化测评工具的工作提供依据。
OBJECTIVE On the basis of studying the domestic and foreign literatures, this paper develops a seaman safety culture assessment scale for oceanic shipping industry according to China’s national conditions, and tests its reliability and validity to ensure scientific feasibility. Methods Based on the literature of safety culture survey of seafarers and related seafarers at home and abroad, the paper screened the relevant items and formed the first draft of “Seaman Safety Culture” evaluation scale through expert consultation. After a further survey of 50 people, the questionnaire was further revised. After that, 400 seafarers from a certain ocean shipping company in Shanghai were formally surveyed. The reliability of scales Validity analysis. Results Through the formal investigation, the reliability and validity of the questionnaire finally formed a 34-item scale applicable to the safety culture evaluation of seafarers in China. In terms of the structural validity of the questionnaire, the safety attitude and safety were obtained through exploratory factor analysis Policy, safety knowledge and safety management, a total of 66.008% of the total variance was explained. In terms of the content validity of the questionnaire, all 34 items had item-content validity index (I-CVI) values ≥0.8, mean scale The value of S-CVI / Ave was 0.959. In reliability test, the four dimensions of scale and the overall Cronbach’s α coefficient were between 0.828 and 0.969, Spearman-Brown’s coefficient was between 0.784 and 0.902 between. Conclusions The scale has good reliability, validity and good content consistency, which can provide the basis for the future work on the seaman safety culture and cultural assessment tools.