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Advances in technology continue at a rapid pace andaffect all aspects of life,including surgery.We havereviewed some of these advances and the impact they arehaving on the investigation and management of colorectalcancer.Modern endoscopes,with magnifying,variablestiffness and Iocalisation capabilities are making theprimary investigation of colonic cancer easier and moreacceptable for patients.Imaging investigations looking atprimary,metastatic and recurrent disease are shifting todigital data sets,which can be stored,reviewedremotely,potentially fused with other modalities andreconstructed as 3 dimensional (3D) images for thepurposes of advanced diagnostic interpretation andcomputer assisted surgery.They include virtualcolonoscopy,trans-rectal ultrasound,magnetic resonanceimaging,positron emission tomography andradloimmunoscintigraphy.Once a colorectal carcinoma isdiagnosed,the treatment options available are expanding.Colonic stents are being used to relieve large bowelobstruction,either as a palliative measure or to improvethe patient’s overall condition before definitive surgery.Transanal endoscopic microsurgery and minimallyinvasive techniques are being used with similar outcomesand a lower mortality,morbidity and hospital stay thanopen trans-abdominal surgery.Transanal endoscopicmicrosurgery allows precise excision of both benign andearly malignant lesions in the mid and upper rectum.Survival of patients with inoperable hepatic metastasesfollowing radiofrequency ablation is encouraging.Robotics and telemedicine are taking surgery well into the21~(st) century.Artificial neural networks are beingdeveloped to enable us to predict the outcome forindividual patients.New technology has a major impact onthe way we practice surgery for colorectal cancer.
Advances in technology continue at a rapid pace and affect all aspects of life, including surgery.We havereviewed some of these advances and the impact they arehaving on the investigation and management of colorectalcancer.Modern endoscopes, with magnifying,variablestiffness and Iocalisation capabilities are making the primary investigation Of colonic cancer easier and moreacceptable for patients.Imaging investigations looking at primary,metastatic and recurrent disease are shifting todigital data sets,which can be stored,reviewedremotely,potentially fused with other modalities andreconstructed as 3dimensional (3D) images for the purpose of advanced diagnostic interpretation Andcomputer assisted surgery.They include virtualcolonoscopy,trans-rectal ultrasound,magnetic resonanceimaging,positron emission tomography andradloimmunoscintigraphy.Once a colorectal carcinoma isdiagnosed,the treatment options available are expanding.Colonic stents are being used to relieve large bowelobstruction,eit Her as a palliative measure or to improve the patient’s overall condition before definitive surgery.Transanal endoscopic microsurgery and minimallyinvasive techniques are being used with similar outcomesand a lower mortality,morbidity and hospital stay thanopen trans-abdominal surgery.Transanal endoscopicmicrosurgery candidate precise excision of both benign andearly Malignant lesions in the mid and upper rectum.Survival of patients with inoperable hepatic metastasesfollowing radiofrequency ablation is encouraging.Robotics and telemedicine are taking surgery well into the21~(st) century.Artificial neural networks are beingdeveloped to enable us to predict the outcome forindividual patients .New technology has a major impact on the way we practice surgery for colorectal cancer.