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历史就是独立存在的过去的事件,不管我们是否对它进行探讨。史料比历史学家所作的解释更为重要;事实就是历史,不管我们是否对它进行解释。历史学家既是同时代人,又是后代人。要做一个历史学家,需要具备从外部观察事物的态度。后代历史学家的最大有利条件是他所描述的事件与他之间的时间上的间膈,有了这个间隔,他就能更清楚地认识、理解当时所发生的一切。他至少可以做到相对的客观,有可能作出比同时代人更为正确的评价。同时代的历史学家的不利条件是缺乏超然的态度,无法对冲突的双方进行公正的评判,无法对正在发生的事件的远景进行展望。采取中立态度或纯客观的历史学家是不存在的。后代历史学家能冷静地判断事物,能在宁静中对史料进行认真探究。历史学家的基本责任是在史料范围内说话;他要做的是在事实范围里阐述所发生的事件;他的方法是记叙体的;他的主题是人类的过去经历。历史学家的作用就是使人类过去的经历为人们所知。
History is an independent past event, whether or not we discuss it. The historical material is more important than the account of the historian; the fact is history, whether or not we interpret it. Historians are both contemporary and future generations. To be a historian, you need to have the attitude of observing things from the outside. The greatest advantage of the descendant historians is the interval between his described events and him. With this interval, he can understand and understand more clearly what happened at the time. He can at least be relatively objective, it is possible to make a more correct assessment than the contemporaries. The disadvantages of contemporary historians are a lack of detached attitude, a fair judgment of both parties to the conflict and a lack of prospect of the long-term prospects for the events that are taking place. Historians who take a neutral or purely objective attitude do not exist. Descendants of historians can calmly judge things, in the quiet of the historical materials for a serious inquiry. The basic responsibility of a historian is to speak within the scope of historical data; what he wants to do is to elaborate on the facts the events that occur; his method is to narrate the body; and his theme is the human experience of the past. The role of historians is to make people’s past experiences known to people.