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化学是一门在原子、分子或离子层次上研究物质的组成、结构、性质、变化及其内在联系和外界变化条件的科学。由于物质的多样性,导致了化学反应的多变性,对学生而言,有一定的难度。笔者选择了比较容易错误的一些反应,分析了其变化的原理,以期帮助学生更好地掌握其变化规律。一、酸之间的强弱转化1.强酸制弱酸2HCl+Na_2CO_3:2NaCl+CO_2↑+H_2O原理:盐酸是强酸,其电离出的H~+可以和溶液中的CO_3~(2-)结合,从而得到碳酸,碳酸不稳定,分解产生了CO_2。如果把盐酸换成HAc,该反应一样可以进行,原因是醋酸的
Chemistry is a science that studies the composition, structure, properties, changes, internal relations and external conditions of matter at the atomic, molecular or ionic level. Due to the diversity of materials, it leads to the variability of chemical reactions, which is difficult for students. The author chooses some reactions that are relatively easy to make mistakes and analyzes the principle of the changes so as to help students better understand the changing rules. First, the strength of the transformation between acid 1. Strong acid weak acid 2HCl + Na_2CO_3: 2NaCl + CO_2 ↑ + H_2O Principle: hydrochloric acid is a strong acid, the ionized H ~ + can be combined with the solution of CO_3 ~ (2-) Resulting in carbonic acid, carbonic acid instability, decomposition produced CO_2. If you replace the hydrochloric acid HAc, the reaction can be carried out as a result of acetic acid