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作为摹仿再现型文学的最高审美形态,有关“典型”的理论是西方传统文论的一个核心点,同时,它对二十世纪的中国文学有着根本性的影响。我们曾经习惯于把典型塑造的成功与否看作文学创作成败的关键。但是,当文学发展到二十世纪后期,“典型”陷入了一种尴尬的处境之中。一方面,作为两千多年文学发展史的一个理论结晶,我们对“典型”有着一种挥之不去的情结,“典型化”曾经是我们共同认可的,作家们在创作中应普遍遵循的一条基本原则,
As the highest aesthetic form of imitative reproduction literature, the “typical” theory is a core point of western traditional literary theory. At the same time, it has a fundamental influence on Chinese literature of the 20th century. We used to think of the success or failure of typical shaping as the key to literary success. However, when the literature developed into the late twentieth century, “canonicality” was in an awkward position. On the one hand, as a theoretical crystallization of the history of more than two thousand years of literature, we have a lingering complex of “typicality,” which was once commonly accepted by us. Writers should generally follow their creations A basic principle,