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Because the moon's rotation period is equal to the period that it revolves around the earth, the moon has always faced the earth one side. This phenomenon is called tidal locking. Before the space age, human understanding of the moon was only limited to the side to us (we can simply call it "positive", the other side is called "back").
Over a long period of time, the back of the moon was a mystery for human beings. Until 1959, when Луних-3 lunar probe captured the first image from the back of the moon. In 1968, United States Apollo 8 astronaut saw the back of the moon when he was flying around the moon.Astronaut William Anders (1933 -) described as what he saw: "The back of the moon looks like a pile of sand he played with when he was a boy, all of them had been turned up, no boundaries, just some collisions marks and holes."
Over a long period of time, the back of the moon was a mystery for human beings. Until 1959, when Луних-3 lunar probe captured the first image from the back of the moon. In 1968, United States Apollo 8 astronaut saw the back of the moon when he was flying around the moon.Astronaut William Anders (1933 -) described as what he saw: "The back of the moon looks like a pile of sand he played with when he was a boy, all of them had been turned up, no boundaries, just some collisions marks and holes."