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超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)可水解β-内酰胺类抗生素,使产ESBLs细菌对目前常用的头孢菌素和青霉素类等抗生素产生多耐药性和高耐药性,由此使得产ESBLs细菌感染的诊断和治疗成为临床抗感染诊疗工作的重点。目前细菌的ESBLs提取主要包括超声波破碎法、溶菌酶法和反复冻融法等。本文对现有文献中此三种方法的提取原理、提取步骤和影响因素进行了综述,同时对各种提取方法的优缺点进行了分析比较,并对采用反复冻融法联合超声法和溶菌酶法联合超声法等联合提取法提高酶提取效率的展望予以了简要分析,以期为产酶多重耐药菌的控制提供参考。
Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) hydrolyze β-lactam antibiotics to produce ESBLs-producing bacteria that are multi-drug resistant and highly resistant to commonly used antibiotics such as cephalosporins and penicillins, Diagnosis and treatment of ESBLs-producing bacterial infections become the focus of clinical anti-infective diagnosis and treatment. At present, the extraction of bacteria ESBLs include ultrasonic disruption method, lysozyme method and repeated freeze-thaw method. In this paper, the extraction principles, extraction steps and influencing factors of these three methods in the existing literature are reviewed, the advantages and disadvantages of various extraction methods are analyzed and compared, and the method of repeated freezing and thawing combined with ultrasonic and lysozyme France combined with ultrasound and other joint extraction method to improve the efficiency of enzyme extraction was briefly analyzed in order to provide a reference for the control of multi-drug resistant strains of bacteria.