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在《中国刑事警察》杂志2002年第2期上拜读了刘瑞榕、刘方权同志的文章《刑事诉讼程序的启动——对侦查立案制度存在价值的质疑》一文(以下简称《质疑》),深感不以为然。在此也谈谈对刑事侦查立案制度及其当前实际工作存在的问题,以供参考。刑事侦查立案制度的必要性刑事侦查立案的法学意义 1.刑事侦查立案(以下简称“立案”)是侦查机关对“认为有犯罪事实需要追究刑事责任”这一法律事实的确认。侦查机关接到报告的案件是多种多样的。侦查机关在受理案件时,对那些报告有犯罪事实发生,但还没有掌握足够证据的案件,要通过初步调查来确认。通过初步调查掌握了证明犯罪事实发生的证据,并需要追究刑事责任的,就决定立案。否则,不予立案。从决定立案的过程可以看出,立案是区别罪与非罪的第一道程序。如果没有这道程序,就无可避免地使一部分非罪案件进入侦查程序,其结果不言而喻。《质疑》中介绍日本为了开
In “China Criminal Police” magazine in 2002 No. 2 read Liu Ruirong, Comrade Liu Fangquan article “The start of criminal procedure - the investigation of the existence of the value of the file system,” a text (hereinafter referred to as “challenge”), deeply disagree . Here also talk about the system of criminal investigation and its current practical work problems for reference. The necessity of criminal investigation and filing system The legal significance of criminal investigation and filing 1. The criminal investigation and filing (hereinafter referred to as “filing a case”) is the confirmation by the investigating organ of the legal fact that “criminal facts need to be investigated for criminal suspicion”. Investigating authorities received a variety of reports of the case. When accepting a case, the investigating organ shall confirm the cases in which criminal facts have been reported but the evidences are not yet sufficiently grasped through the preliminary investigation. After preliminary investigation, if the evidence proving the actual occurrence of the crime has been obtained and the criminal responsibility needs to be investigated, a decision on filing the case shall be made. Otherwise, no filing. It can be seen from the decision-making process that the filing of a case is the first procedure of distinguishing crime from non-crime. Without such a procedure, it is inevitable that some non-criminal cases will be brought into the investigation process, the result of which is self-evident. “Questioning” introduces Japan in order to open