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乙肝病病毒(HBV)的持续感染是很常见的,一般以血液中HBsAg阳性持续6个月以上为慢性HBV感染。急性乙肝病人有10％可变成慢性。慢性HBsAg携带者在美国1,000个志愿献血员中占0.5～5之间,商业供血员中达10‰,在有药瘾者、血液透析中心的病人中,可高达20～50‰,西欧的发病率与美国差不多。在非洲、亚洲和大洋洲一些地区可超过50‰或达100‰。HBV的持续性感染与宿主因素[如常染色体隐性遗传、发病的年龄、性别、HLA(A_1、B_8、B_(12)和DrW_3)]病毒因素
Persistent infection with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is very common, with HBsAg positive in the blood for more than 6 months as a chronic HBV infection. 10% of acute hepatitis B patients can become chronic. Chronic HBsAg carriers account for 0.5 to 5 of 1,000 volunteer blood donors in the United States and 10 ‰ of commercial blood donors, up to 20-50 ‰ in patients with drug addicts and hemodialysis centers, and in Western Europe The rate is about the same as the United States. In some parts of Africa, Asia and Oceania, it can exceed 50 ‰ or up to 100 ‰. Persistent HBV infection and host factors [autosomal recessive, onset age, gender, HLA (A_1, B_8, B_ (12) and DrW_3)] viral factors