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意大利北部的科木(Como)市S.Anna综合性医院,1984年2月至1988年5月的4年间,在使用头孢菌素、氨基或脲基青霉素等的治疗中,发现有伪膜性肠炎(PMS)30例和艰难梭菌腹泻(CDAD)10例。40例中有27例(65.7%)为外科患者,32例(80%)属延长了抗生素治疗期。40例中使用第三代头孢菌素的17例中,Ceftazidime 7例、头孢三嗪4例、头孢哌酮3例、头孢噻肟2例、头孢唑肟1例;使用第一、二代头孢菌素4例;使用氨基或脲基青霉素4例;Aztreonam l例;联用抗生素5例;大环内酯类Miocamycin l例;5例未用过任何抗生素(其中3例
S. Annna General Hospital in Como, Northern Italy, during the four-year period from February 1984 to May 1988, was found to have pseudomembranous properties in the treatment with cephalosporins, amino or ureido penicillins and the like Enteritis (PMS) in 30 cases and Clostridium difficile diarrhea (CDAD) in 10 cases. Twenty-seven (65.7%) of the 40 patients were surgical patients, and 32 (80%) patients had an extended antibiotic treatment. In the 40 cases of the third generation cephalosporins in 17 cases, Ceftazidime 7 cases, 4 ceftriaxone, cefoperazone 3 cases, cefotaxime 2 cases, ceftizoxime 1 case; the first and second generation cephalosporins 4 cases of amikacin; 4 cases of amino or urea penicillin; 1 case of Aztreonam; 5 cases of antibiotics combined; 1 cases of macrocyclic lactone; 5 cases had not used any antibiotics (3 cases