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以世界公认的菌核病抗性品种Maple Arrow以及感病品种合丰25为材料,在大豆V1期进行活体接种,比较不同抗感材料在接种核盘菌后的72h内6个时间点的菌丝扩展速度和4种生化酶活性,旨在明确Maple Arrow抗菌核病的生化机制,为抗病育种提供依据。扫描电镜结果表明,抗感品种在侵染后0~72h对病原菌的抗性差异明显,接种前期病原菌在Maple Arrow叶片上的扩展速度明显低于合丰25。接种后期,Maple Arrow叶片病健交界明显,菌丝体周围寄主组织结构保持相对完整;合丰25叶片布满菌丝体,叶片结构崩溃。动态生化指标测定结果表明抗感品种在过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性均不同程度的高于对照组。接种后24h Maple Arrow的PPO活性显著高于感病品种;接种后48h Maple Arrow的POD和PAL的活性增加幅度显著高于合丰25。由此得出结论,抗病品种Maple Arrow的保护酶系统对核盘菌侵染的响应比感病品种合丰25更为活跃,四种保护酶中的PPO、POD和PAL是两种抗性差异的关键因子,其中PPO主要作用于感染前期,POD和PAL主要作用于后期。
In the world-recognized Maple Arrow variety resistant to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and susceptible variety Hefeng25, inoculated with soybean V1 in vivo, Silk expansion rate and four kinds of biochemical enzyme activity, aims to clarify the biochemical mechanism of Maple Arrow anti-sclerotinia, to provide the basis for disease-resistant breeding. The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that the resistance of susceptible cultivars to pathogenic bacteria varied significantly from 0 to 72 hours after inoculation, and the rate of expansion of the pathogenic bacteria on Maple Arrow leaves was significantly lower than that of Hefeng 25 at the early stage of inoculation. At the late stage of inoculation, the leaves of Maple Arrow were obviously diseased and the host tissues around mycelium remained relatively intact. Hefeng 25 leaves were covered with mycelium and the leaf structure collapsed. The results of dynamic biochemical analysis showed that the activities of POD, PPO, SOD and PAL were significantly different Higher than the control group. Maple Arrow PPO activity 24 h after inoculation was significantly higher than the susceptible varieties; 48 h after inoculation Maple Arrow POD and PAL activity increased significantly higher than Hefeng 25. It was concluded that the protective enzyme system of the resistant cultivar Maple Arrow was more active in response to S. sclerotiorum than the susceptible cultivar Hefeng 25, and PPO, POD and PAL in the four protective enzymes were two kinds of resistance Differences in the key factors, including PPO mainly in the pre-infection, POD and PAL mainly in the late.