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近数年来,野生天麻产量渐少,栽培的也供不应求,故市场上出现了许多假天麻。1972年始,笔者调查了四川、云南、贵州的许多地区及湖北、湖南等省的部份地区,发现在农贸市场上出售有天麻伪品、混品,先后发现伪品有十一种左右,并对这些伪品的形态、显微特征进行了鉴别(已先后作了报导)。要鉴别伪品,必须先认识真品,本文主要讨论正品天麻形性鉴别的要点。鉴定正品天麻有三个要素: (一)“鹦哥嘴”、“红小辫”、“老断头”这些特征是天麻块茎上端的鉴别依据。所谓“鹦哥嘴”就是天麻顶端的初发幼芽,一般
In recent years, the yield of wild gastrodia has been decreasing and the cultivation has been in short supply. Therefore, there have been many fake gastrodia in the market. Since 1972, the author has investigated many areas in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Hubei, Hunan, and other provinces, and discovered that there are counterfeit and hybrid products of Tianma on farmers’ markets, and they have discovered that there are about 11 kinds of counterfeit products. The morphological and microscopic features of these counterfeit goods were identified (has been reported one after another). To identify counterfeit goods, we must first understand the authenticity. This article mainly discusses the key points of authentic gastrodiasis identification. Identification of genuine gastrodia has three elements: (a) “Panda parrot”, “red peony,” “old decapitated,” these characteristics are the identification of the roots of Gastrodia tubers. The so-called “parrot” is the initial bud of the top of the gastrodin, generally