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采用温室盆栽试验研究了3个不同磷(P)效率小麦品种(品系)对水溶性、构溶性和难溶性3种P肥的相对肥效。结果表明,施用各种P肥均有效增加小麦分蘖数,促进小麦生长发育和提高产量,但P肥类型以及小麦品种间表现出较大差异。相同施P量条件下,重过磷酸钙的肥效最高,其次是钙镁磷肥,而磷矿粉也表现出一定的增产效果,钙镁磷肥表现出对小麦品种间的差异最大。如施用钙镁磷肥3个品种的平均产量为15.82g/盆,其中“洛夫林”较平均产量高17.8％,“冀87-4617”较平均值低8.7％,“秦麦1号”较平均值低9.2％;重过磷酸钙处理3个品种的平均产量为17.18g/盆,其中“洛夫林”较平均值高10.4％,“冀87-4617”较平均值低2.0％,“秦麦1号”较平均值低8.0％,表现出不同P效率小麦品种间的明显差异。说明采用不同溶解性P肥可作为鉴定不同P效率小麦品种的一种验证方法。
Pot experiments were conducted to study the relative fertility of three P-efficient wheat cultivars (lines) with different P (P) efficiency on water-soluble, soluble-soluble and insoluble P-fertilizers. The results showed that the application of various P fertilizers effectively increased the tiller number of wheat, promoted the growth and development of wheat and increased the yield. However, the P fertilizer type and the wheat variety showed great differences. Under the same application amount of P, the effect of SSP was the highest, followed by Ca-Mg and P, while the phosphate rock also showed a certain yield-increasing effect. Ca-Mg and P showed the greatest difference among the wheat varieties. For example, the average output of three varieties of calcium magnesium phosphate was 15.82g / pot, of which “Lovrin” was 17.8% higher than the average yield, “Ji 87-4617” was 8.7% lower than the average value, and “Qinmai 1” The average was 9.2% lower than the average; the average yield of the three superphosphate treatment plants was 17.18g / pot, of which “Lovrin” was 10.4% above the average and “Ji 87-4617” was 2.0% below the average. Qinmai 1 "was 8.0% lower than the average value, showing obvious differences among different P-efficiency wheat cultivars. It indicates that using different soluble P fertilizers can be used as a validating method to identify wheat varieties with different P efficiency.