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本文研究了16MnR板材纵向及横向试样在系列温度拉伸,冲击和缺口弯曲等条件下的力学行为。试验结果表明,非金属夹杂物形态及分布对延性断裂有着明显的影响,而对解理断裂几乎没有影响。其表现为,在具有微孔起裂机制时,两种试样的塑性和韧性有着明显的差异,但以解理断裂机制起裂时,两者的断裂行为基本相同。分析结果表明,工程中的冷脆主要与解理断裂相关。对评价低碳钢的冷脆倾向性,采用断口形貌脆性转折温度较按照冲击值标准可能更为合适。
In this paper, the mechanical behavior of 16MnR plates in longitudinal and transverse directions under the conditions of series temperature tensile, impact and notched bending were studied. The experimental results show that the morphology and distribution of non-metallic inclusions have a significant effect on the ductile fracture and have little effect on the cleavage fracture. The results show that there is a clear difference between the plasticity and toughness of the two samples when there is micropore initiation mechanism. However, the fracture behavior of the two samples is basically the same when they are initiated by the cleavage fracture mechanism. The analysis results show that the cold brittleness in the project is mainly related to the cleavage fracture. To evaluate the cold brittleness tendencies of mild steel, it may be more appropriate to adopt brittle fracture transition temperatures than those of impact values.