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人们常认为固体、液体和气体是物质的三种状态,随着人们对大自然的认识愈来愈深入,找到了物质的第四状态,即等离子体。等离子体是一种气体,但与一般气体不同,它是一种带电的微粒团,就是把能量增加到气体内,使其分解为电子和正离子微粒,从而成为等离子体。但是,要使气体变为等离子体,所需要的能量是很大的,假设把固态物质转变为液体物质,所需的能量为1,把液态物质转变为气态物质,所需的能量为10,那么,若把气态物质转变为等离子体,则需能量为100,在太空中,包括太阳在内,百分之九十以上的物质都是以等离子体状态存在。
People often think that solid, liquid and gas are three states of matter. As people’s understanding of nature deepens, the fourth state of matter, namely plasma, is found. Plasma is a gas, but unlike normal gases, it is a charged micelle that adds energy into the gas and breaks it down into electrons and positive ions that become plasma. However, to convert a gas into a plasma, the amount of energy required is very large. Assuming that the energy required to convert a solid substance into a liquid substance is 1, the energy required to convert a liquid substance into a gaseous substance is 10, Then, if the gaseous material is converted into a plasma, it needs energy of 100, and in space, including the sun, more than 90 percent of the material exists in a plasma state.