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刺儿槐别名刺槐、洋刺,因它是从西洋传入我国的,故又得名洋槐。上海地区叫法皂荚,山东地区叫琴树。它是豆科、刺槐属的落叶乔木,树高10～25米,树干端直,侧枝多斜上或横展,树冠长圆形;树皮褐色,有深沟。小校具托叶刺,故得名刺儿槐和刺槐。单数羽状复叶,小叶7～25枚,椭圆形至卵圆形,先端微凹缺,中有小尖头。初夏开白花,含有芳香,排列成总状花序,腋生下垂。结荚果,扁平,光滑无毛,沿腹线有窄翅,8～9月成熟,赤褐色,经冬不落。内含种子3～13粒,形状如肾脏,黑色。 刺儿槐故乡在北美洲,17世纪初由美国东部传入欧洲和非州。20世纪初,从欧洲到我国“安家落户”,最先在山东青岛栽种,现在青岛全市几为刺儿槐的绿叶所庇荫,故有“刺儿槐青岛”、“刺槐半岛”之称。当今,刺儿槐遍植我国各地,尤以黄河和淮河流域以及山东和辽宁半岛一带,发育良好,生长旺盛,多有成片的刺槐树林,蔚为壮观。
Acacia locust acacia, sea thorns, because it is from the West into our country, it is also named acacia. Soap pods called in Shanghai, Shandong region called Qin tree. It is a leguminous, acacia tree deciduous tree, 10 to 25 meters high tree trunk straight, side branches oblique or horizontal exhibition, crown oblong; bark brown, deep groove. Small school props thorns, so named Acacia Locust and Locust. Pinnately compound leaflets, leaflets 7 to 25, oval to ovoid, apex dimpled, in small pointed. Early summer open white flowers, containing aroma, arranged in racemes, drooping axillary. Pod pod, flat, smooth glabrous, with a narrow wing along the belly, 8 ~ September mature, auburn, the winter does not fall. Contains seeds 3 to 13, the shape of the kidney, black. Acacia hometown in North America, the early 17th century from the eastern United States into Europe and Africa. Early 20th century, from Europe to China, “settled down home,” the first planted in Qingdao, Shandong Province, Qingdao, the city is now a few Phyllostachys greenery shade, it is “Acacia Locust Qingdao”, “Locust Peninsula,” said. Today, Acacia locusts are planted everywhere in our country, especially in the Yellow River and Huaihe River valleys and in the areas of Shandong and Liaoning Peninsula. They are well-developed and vigorous, with many acacia trees and forests spectacular.