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目的:探讨常州市人群发生手足口病(hand-foot-mouth disease,HFMD)的危险因素。方法:采用病例-对照研究方法,在常州市选择经临床明确诊断的108例手足口病患者和按年龄、性别频数匹配的108名对照,采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析,分析HFMD的主要危险因素。结果:单因素分析发现5个暴露因素与HFMD发生有关;多因素分析显示HFMD有2个主要危险因素和1个保护因素,分别是居住在农村(0R=2.191,95%CI:1.174～4.088)、有饮用生水习惯(0R=2.441,95%CI:1.050～5.675)、幼儿饭前便后洗手(OR=0.505,95%CI:0.259～0.983)。结论:幼儿良好的环境卫生、家长及个人良好的卫生习惯是预防手足口病的重要因素,为今后健康宣传教育提供了重要的理论支持。
Objective: To investigate the risk factors of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Changzhou population. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in 108 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease diagnosed clinically and 108 controls matched by age and sex frequency in Changzhou city. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the association between HFMD The main risk factors. Results: Univariate analysis showed that 5 exposure factors were related to the occurrence of HFMD. Multivariate analysis showed that HFMD had 2 major risk factors and 1 protection factor, which were respectively in rural areas (0R = 2.191, 95% CI: 1.174-4.088) (0R = 2.441, 95% CI: 1.050-5.675). The children wash hands before and after meals (OR = 0.505, 95% CI: 0.259-0.983). Conclusion: Good environmental hygiene, good health habits of parents and individuals are important factors in prevention of hand-foot-mouth disease and provide important theoretical support for health promotion and education in the future.