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To investigate the morphology of the external laryngeal nerve (ELN) loop and its topographical relation to the superior thyroid artery (STA), so as to provide anatomical basis for protecting ELN during surgery.48 human cadavers were dissected and analyzed.Among the low-position ELN loops,the neurovascular relationships of the STA and the nerve were classified into four types: a.the artery overlapped the nerve;b.the artery passed through the ELN loop;c.the muscular branch of ELN loop and the laryngeal branch of STA coursed together;d.the branches of the ELN loop and the STA were interlaced.