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In order to obtain stable large-area and uniform distribution surface electron source,quartz coated Au nano thin film as the core photoemission device is used and the quantum efficiency of the gold nano thin film and the stability of photoelectron emission are measured with pure monochromatic UV light emission diode(LED)and tungsten or mercury lamp with monochromator.The influences of incident light wavelength,the electric field intensity of the Au nano thin film surface and system vacuum pressure on quantum efficiency are studied systematically and corresponding mechanism are elucidated.Finally,a uniform surface electron source in large area with high quantum efficiency is obtained and successfully applied in the field of optoelectronic detection.