【摘 要】
：
下胚轴顶钩(apical hook)的形成是双子叶植物适应生存环境的重要机制之一。当种子在土壤中萌发时,下胚轴顶钩起保护幼苗子叶和分生组织不受土粒机械伤害的功能,并能有效
【机 构】
：
浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院,浙江金华321004新加坡国立大学生物系,新加坡117543
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下胚轴顶钩(apical hook)的形成是双子叶植物适应生存环境的重要机制之一。当种子在土壤中萌发时,下胚轴顶钩起保护幼苗子叶和分生组织不受土粒机械伤害的功能,并能有效将子叶推出土层接受阳光。生长素最大峰值(auxin maxima)或不对称分布(asymmetric auxin distribution)是植物向性生长、侧生器官的启动、下胚轴顶钩形成的必要前提。已知生长素最大峰值的建立与消减对下胚轴顶钩的形成、维持和打开具有重要调控作用。当黄化苗受到光照时,顶钩内侧的生长素最大峰值迅速消减导致下胚轴顶钩快速打开。最近的研究表明,在拟南芥下胚轴顶钩形成过程中,生长素极性输出载体PIN3 (PIN-FORMED 3)和输入载体AUX1/LAX3(AUXIN RESISTANT1/LIKE AUX1 (LAX)3)共同参与调控生长素最大峰值的建立。然而,具体的调控机理目前仍不清楚。本研究表明,网格蛋白轻链CLC2 (CLATHRIN LIGHT CHAIN2)和CLC3功能缺失后有利于下胚轴顶钩内侧生长素最大峰值的建立,从而促进顶钩的形成,但减弱因生长素过量合成而引起的下胚轴顶钩形成的抑制作用,同时抑制了蓝光诱导的顶钩打开。药理学实验表明,CLC2和CLC3功能缺失双突变体下胚轴顶钩形成对生长素输出抑制剂NPA和TIBA敏感,但对生长素输入抑制剂1-NOA不敏感。进一步的细胞学分析表明,CLC2和CLC3功能缺失抑制顶钩皮层细胞PIN3的内吞、促进PIN3的侧向分布,但不影响AUX1的亚细胞定位。这些分析结果暗示网格蛋白通过介导PIN3极性定位和生长素的极性输出来调控生长素最大峰值的建立,从而调控顶钩发育。
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