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The unique chloropupukeananes were isolated from an endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis fici, and proposed as the Diels-Alder cycloadducts of co-isolated pestheic acid and iso-A82775C.The pestheic acid biosynthetic gene (pta) cluster was identified in the fungus through genome scanning.Sequence analysis revealed it encodes a non-reducing polyketide synthase, a number of modification enzymes and three regulators.Gene disruption and intermediate analysis demonstrated that the biosynthesis proceeded through formation of the polyketide backbone, cyclization of a polyketo acid to a benzophenone, chlorination, and formation of the diphenyl ether skeleton via oxidation and hydrolyzation.