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Background:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) target various types of RNA transcripts in mammalian cells.RNAs bearing miRNA response elements (MREs) influence each others levels by competing for a limited pool of miRNAs.The miRNA mediated crosstalk between RNA transcripts is characterized as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs),and the ceRNA networks are widely implicated in human cancer.Until now,the ceRNA networks in initiation and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still largely unknown.