【摘 要】
：
测量航天员在太空中活动的运动学和人体测量学数据,定量分析航天员在微重力环境下的运动、姿态、身体外形变化等,对航天器运行、设计,保持太空微重力试验环境、以及优化航天
【机 构】
：
国防科学技术大学航天科学与工程学院空天图像测量与视觉导航研究中心
论文部分内容阅读
测量航天员在太空中活动的运动学和人体测量学数据,定量分析航天员在微重力环境下的运动、姿态、身体外形变化等,对航天器运行、设计,保持太空微重力试验环境、以及优化航天员太空任务操作方式等具有重要的科学意义.目前人体运动测量的主要方法有接触式传感器测量、基于标记特征的摄像测量和结构光摄像测量.接触式测量方法通过在人体各部位附加传感器,实时获得人体肢体的运动学和动力学参数,但各类仪器、接线等对人体运动有很多影响,不利于航天员在太空中开展实验任务.摄像测量具有非接触、测量范围大、精度高的优点,应用于人体运动测量,主要有基于标记特征和结构光两种方式.基于标记特征的方法简单,但在航天员身体表面布置多个标记特征对其在空间舱的活动会产生影响.本文采用结构光摄像测量原理,设计了航天员舱内运动摄像测量系统,采用一个近红外光投影器和一个近红外光摄像机组成立体成像系统,在得到测量场景三维形状后从中分割出人体部分并对身体各个部位的外形参数进行全方位、连续测量,得到航天员的运动、姿态、身高、坐高、身体围度等参数.
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